Summary
Personal Information
Crime
Voyage
Transportation
John Burroughs was transported on the Mariner, departing 30th Apr 1816 and arriving 11th Oct 1816 with 147 passengers.
The 1825 Journey. The ship Mariner, Captain Fotherley, arrived from Ireland with female prisoners, on Sunday evening. She left the Cove of Cork, the 12th of March, and brings 112 female prisoners, having lost only one on the passage. A few passengers also came per this opportunity. Surgeon Superintendent Dr. Cochrane, R. N. Sydney Gazette, 14 July 1825.
Mariner (generic)References
| Primary Source | UK Prison Hulk Registers HO9/4. State Archives NSW, Indents (Series NRS 12188; Item: 4/4005; Microfiche: 636). Australian Joint Copying Project. Microfilm Roll 88, Class and Piece Number HO11/2, Page Number 254 |
| Source Description | This record is one of the entries in the British convict transportation registers 1787-1867 database compiled by State Library of Queensland from British Home Office (HO) records which are available on microfilm as part of the Australian Joint Copying Pro |
| Original Source | Great Britain. Home Office |
| Compiled By | State Library of Queensland |
| Database Source | British convict transportation registers 1787-1867 database |
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Convict Notes
Family connections for John (Burroughs) are: BURROUGHS John (Burroughs/Burrows) was born about 1794 & became a labourer. He was tried for a felony at Lancaster Liverpool Borough Quarter Sessions on 19 7 1815, sentenced to 7years, held on hulk JUSTITIA at Woolwich from 28 8 1815 & arrived in NSW as a convict on 11 10 1816 after a voyage of 5months on MARINER. He married Eleanor (Meredith age about16) on 7 7 1828 at St Phillips CofE Sydney; he was a tinman & brazier & is recorded as Free by Servitude & a constable on Mr C (Throsby)s farm Lower Minto. From 1830 he was a farmer. He died on 9 5 1859 age65. [Some details taken from this Website] Eleanor (Meredith) was born on 17 11 1813 & baptised on 5 12 1813 at St Phillips CofE Sydney. She died on 20 2 1895 age81. Details of Sophia (Meredith)s family are given in entry for Mary (Allen LADY PENRHYN 1788) on this Website. Eleanor (Meredith) & John (Burrows) produced more than 1child: 1.John (Burrows) was born on 27 7 1829 & baptised on 28 2 1830 at St Lukes CofE Liverpool. He died on 20 11 1889 age60. Reference: Craig James Smee 'Births and Baptisms Marriages and Defacto Relationships Deaths and Burials New South Wales 1788-1830' ..a complete listing from church & other records in the early colony.
Prison Hulk ship Justitia moored at Woolwich, received 28 August 1815, aged 25, Offence Felony Bound Indentures: aged 27, conviction 19 July 1815 in Liverpool, Trade Laborer
The first census, or "muster" in the colony of New South Wales took place in 1817. At this time, John Burrows was still serving his sentence. By the time of the second census in 1828, he had been freed by servitude, which meant that he was obliged to work (serve) for someone else, usually a free settler, for no fee, having no independence only to expect to be fed and housed. In fact the census recorded that he was a 'constable' working on a Mr C. Throsby’s farm, an 8 acre land grant at Lower Minto. In this context, a constable was an ex-convict freed by servitude and who was placed in charge of other convicts. Over the period 1830-35, his occupation is listed as “farmer” on the birth certificates of his children born over this time. As was usually the case for farmers, he was the employer of three pardoned convicts. It was at this time that he married Eleanor Meredith, the youngest daughter of Frederick Meredith (First Fleet seaman), now the first Chief Constable at Liverpool. In January 1811, Governor Macquarie formed the first regular police force; prior to this, policing was done by the notorious red-coated marines.