Summary
Personal Information
Crime
Voyage
Transportation
Patrick Byrne was transported on the Hougoumont, departing 10th Oct 1867 and arriving 9th Jan 1868 with 281 passengers.
875 ton ship was built at Moulmein in 1852. http://www.australiangeographic.com.au/journal/on-this-day-in-history-australias-last-convict-ship-docks.htm ---------------------------- Incorrect Image ....This is a four masted steel hulled Barque in the drawing , im surprised Australian Geo didn't do a bit more research on this .......The Hougoumont was a works ship on the Forth Bridge Project in 1885 ....the one potrayed as a drawing in Aust Geo is the later version of this ship.....the photograph i have attached is the correct and original convict vessel. --00-- 1867 "The hired convict ship Hougoumont, which has been taken up by the Government for the conveyance of a numerous party of convicts to Freemantle, Western Australia, left the Nore on October 1, and proceeded down Channel, after receiving on board 150 convicts from the establishments at Chatham and Millbank. The convicts from the Chatham establishment, at St. Mary's, embarked from the dockyard on board the paddle-wheel steamer Adder, Mr. W. J. Blakely, and were in charge of a numerous party of convict guards and wardens, all heavily armed. Among the convicts shipped were a party of fifteen Fenians, who were engaged in the late conspiracy in Ireland, together with the officers and crew convicted of scuttling the ship Severn, and some others who have achieved notoriety from their crimes. The Fenian convicts, like the remainder of the prisoners, were chained together in gangs, but it was observed that they were kept apart from the other convicts in a portion of the vessel by themselves. The steamer Petrel also took down a number of convicts from the establishment at Millbank for shipment on board the Hougoumont, in charge of a strong escort and convict guard. On Tuesday, October 8th, the Hougoumont arrived in Portland roads. Shortly before midday ninety convicts were marched down to the Government pier at Portland under a strong escort of the 12th Light Infantry. The party included twenty-three Fenian convicts, among whom it was said, was Moriarty. The Government steamer employed in the breakwater service was used for conveying the convicts on board the Hougoumont transport ship. The convicts were chained together on embarking, and on board the steamer a strong guard of marines from her Majesty's ship St. George was formed, and saw the convicts safely placed on board the Hougoumont. The Governor of the penal settlement at Freemantle, Captain Young, is on board the Hougoumont, and returns in that ship to his sphere of duty after paying a visit to his native land." Source: Sydney Morning Herald, Thu 19 Dec 1867, p4, English Shipping, available on Trove at https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/28608271?searchTerm=hougoumont.
HougoumontReferences
| Primary Source | Australian Joint Copying Project. Microfilm Roll 93, Class and Piece Number HO11/19, Page Number 242. --0-- Edgar, W. (Bill) (2018), “The precarious voyage of her majesty’s convict ship ‘Nile’ to the Swan River colony, late 1857 – and the unexpected aftermath.” The Great Circle, 40(1), 20–43. |
| Source Description | This record is one of the entries in the British convict transportation registers 1787-1867 database compiled by State Library of Queensland from British Home Office (HO) records which are available on microfilm as part of the Australian Joint Copying Pro |
| Original Source | Great Britain. Home Office |
| Compiled By | State Library of Queensland |
| Database Source | British convict transportation registers 1787-1867 database |
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Photos
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Convict Notes
FOOTNOTE: The Mount Eliza Invalid Depot, Mounts Bay Road, Perth, was also known as the Old Men’s Depot, the Mt Eliza Depot, the Mt Eliza Poorhouse, and the Aged asylum. For a photograph of the complex, see https://purl.slwa.wa.gov.au/slwa_b2143635_2.
23 June, 1901: From the West Australian Sunday Times (Perth), p11: "PADDY BYRNES. Down at Mount Eliza Depot there is a ward for old men called 'the Zoo'. It is railed off with bars from the rest of the room, and inside these the old fellows who are 'inclined to roam' are kept. One of them -- old Paddy Byrnes -- is 99 years of age. A short time ago he told Magistrate Roe that he 'could do as good a day's work as any man in Perth', and he deeply resented the imputation of being too old to make good his word. Paddy is the enemy of anyone in power, and even now the mere sight of a uniform will excite him. He has fought with whisky and the gaol officials all his life. He delights to yarn about the old times in the carpenters' shop in the Fremantle Prison, when six carpenters worked together with a A Gallon of Rum between them every day. The officers could say nothing to the robbery of the rum, as they were all of them robbing the Imperial Government one way or another, and the prisoners could easily bowl them out. Paddy did all the particular carpentering at Government House and the Town Hall, and also made some special joinery in West Australian woods, which was sent to London for exhibition by the Governor. Anyone taking a turn through the Depot and seeing the large number of men of very advanced years who have lived hard lives would come to the conclusion that the old time whisky or rum is conducive to hale and hearty longevity." (https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32719615) --00--
From his Fremantle jail record: BYRNE, Patrick; inmate #9677; arrived 10 Jan 1868 per Hougoumont Date of Birth: 1808 Date of Death: 24 Jun 1884 or 25 Jun 1901 Place of Death: Perth, invalid depot Marital Status: Married 6 children Occupation: Carpenter Literacy: Literate Sentence Place: Manchester Crime: Grievous bodily harm Sentence Period: 10 years Previous Convictions: Yes Ticket of Leave Date: 17 Nov 1870 Certificate of Freedom Date: 14 Aug 1876 Comments: Carpenter, labourer, general servant (https://fremantleprison.com.au/) --0-- From "Convicts associated with Toodyay" database: Byrne (Byrnes), Patrick (1808-1901); #9677; local prisoner #485 1868-01-10 Hougoumont CWA: States death date as either 24-04-1884 or 25-06-1901; mar; 6 chn; carpenter; lit RC; griev bodily harm prev conv 10 yrs; Newcastle, Perth, Fremantle, Victoria Plains, York, Swan, Toodyay; carpenter, lab, gen svt. BDWA: BYRNE, Patrick, b. 1810, d. 24.6.1884, (expiree). Arr. 1868 per Hougoumont. Applied for admission to Mt Eliza Invalid Depot where he died. Ancestry: General Register for Nos 9059 - 9598 cont., 9599 - 10128 (R15-R16): P552: 9677 Byrne, Patrick: Was in Newcastle in 1873; up before RM Toodyay in 1874 and 1875; worked for Toodyay, Victoria Plains and Newcastle employers (Clinch, Lefroy, Richardson) in 1875 and 1876. Entry and photo in ALC (still alive in 1900). Trove: 1901: Good article about Paddy Byrnes, who did carpentry work on Govt. House and Town Hall. WA BDM: Patrick Byrns died in 1901. MCB: Died aged (94) in Perth. --0--
IN WA: 10 January, 1868: On arrival he was listed as 58 years old when convicted, a carpenter, Roman Catholic, married with six children -- William (30), John (28), Patrick (26), Jane (22), Elizabeth (18) and Margaret (16). His wife Bridget (59) was living at 38 Richmond Street, Prussia Street, Old Manchester. He was described as 5'2½" tall with brown hair, blue eyes, a fresh complexion and stout build (Western Australia, Australia, Convict Records, 1846-1930; Convict Department, Registers; General Register for Nos 9059-9598 cont., 9599-10128 (R15-R16)). --0--
5 October, 1867: He was sent from Portsmouth to board the Hougoumont for transportation to WA. His behaviour during the voyage was listed as "good". --0--
24 January, 1867: Admitted to Portsmouth prison, Cumberland Street, Portsmouth, Hampshire. Portland, Portsmouth, Chatham and Spike Island in Ireland were listed public works stations and the second stage in the penal process. After separate confinement, prisoners were “placed on work parties at various locations, most commonly naval stations, where maintenance of facilities was vital for the effective protection of Britain’s far flung commercial and military influences around the world. While there, attitude and behaviour were monitored closely. In theory, only after consistently positive reports was a prisoner moved on to the third stage of his incarceration—transportation.” (Edgar, p40) --0--
26 April, 1866: Admitted to Millbank prison, Westminster, London -- inmate #1861. Listed as 58 years old when convicted, a joiner, married with seven children, Roman Catholic, able to read and write imperfectly; next of kin -- his wife Bridget, 25 Richmond Street, Manchester (UK, Prison Commission Records, 1770-1951 for Patrick Byrne; Millbank Prison; Register of Prisoners; 1865-1866). In Millbank, he would have been kept in separate confinement. “After a sentence of transportation [or penal servitude] was handed down, the prisoner entered into a separate stage where he was placed into an individual cell, isolated from others, apart from brief periods of exercise and attendance at chapel. However, no communication of any kind with other prisoners was permitted at any time. The philosophy behind this penal methodology had its provenances in the religious, monastic traditions; i.e., that in the isolation of his cell the malefactor would be able to contemplate the errors of his way, unadulterated by the negative influences of former contemporaries, and be reformed.” (Edgar, 2018, pp39-40) When first put into practice, the mandated period of separate confinement was 18 months. By the late 1840s, authorities had conceded that such conditions of imprisonment were “injurious to many prisoners’ mental health” and the stint was reduced to 12 months. Periods of separate confinement were reduced further “as a prisoner displayed good behaviour tendencies” (Edgar, p40). Millbank, Pentonville, Wakefield and Mountjoy in Ireland were the “Probation” or “Separate” prisons, as were some local jails. --0--
JAILS: 6 March, 1866: He was admitted to Salford New Bailey Prison/ Salford House of Correction, New Bailey Street, Salford, where he served 1 month 16 days. --0--
Newspaper report of the trial: 16 March 1866: From the Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser, p4: "UNLAWFUL WOUNDING MANCHESTER. Patrick Byrne, 58, was indicted for having at Manchester on the 28th February, feloniously and maliciously wounded Edward Ellis, with intent to do him grievous bodily harm. Mr. John prosecuted, and Mr. J. B. Torr defended. It appeared that on the afternoon of Monday the 28th of February, the parties met each other at beerhouse called the Milan Inn in Queen's road. They are both joiners, and a grudge seems have existed between them for some time previously. The prisoner asked the prosecutor to sup with him; but he refused. The prisoner followed him round the room, insisting that the prosecutor should drink with him, but the latter persisted his refusal, and quarrel ensued. They scuffled a bit, and afterwards sat on form side by side, still wrangling and suddenly, without any provocation, the prisoner stabbed the prosecutor in the abdomen with a quarter-inch chisel. The weapon penetrated to the bowels, inflicting what the doctor, Mr. J. Armstrong, considered to be a dangerous wound. The prisoner again tried to operate — as the prosecutor termed it — upon his bowels, but the experiment failed, because he put down his right arm to ward off the blow, and the chisel penetrated the muscles of the fore arm. It was attempted to be shown that the quarrel had been forced on the prisoner by the prosecutor, who had grudge against him, and the wound was rather the result of accident than malice. The jury, however, found him guilty of wounding with malicious intent. The judge did not pass sentence and the court then adjourned." (britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk) --0--
TRIAL: 10 March, 1866: Convicted at the Manchester Assizes of wounding with intent to do grievous bodily harm and sentenced to 10 years' penal servitude (England & Wales, Criminal Registers, 1791-1892 for Patrick Byrne; England; Lancashire; 1866). --0--