Summary
Personal Information
Voyage
Transportation
Timothy Hayes was transported on the St Vincent, departing 28th Dec 1852 and arriving 26th May 1853 with 214 passengers.
St Vincent (generic)References
| Primary Source | Australian Joint Copying Project. Microfilm Roll 92, Class and Piece Number HO11/17, Page Number 638. --0-- Roscoe, Katy (2018), “Convicts and the Sea: the naval influence on Gibraltar Convict Establishment” at https://staffblogs.le.ac.uk/ |
| Source Description | This record is one of the entries in the British convict transportation registers 1787-1867 database compiled by State Library of Queensland from British Home Office (HO) records which are available on microfilm as part of the Australian Joint Copying Pro |
| Original Source | Great Britain. Home Office |
| Compiled By | State Library of Queensland |
| Database Source | British convict transportation registers 1787-1867 database |
Claims
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Photos
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Convict Notes
OTHER: 13 December, 1853: He received a Ticket of Leave. 16 September, 1856: He was granted a Conditional Pardon (https://stors.tas.gov.au/CON33-1-115$init=CON33-1-96p98). --00--
IN VDL: 26 May, 1853: On arrival in VDL, TIMOTHY HAYES, convict #27943 was incorrectly listed as tried at Antrim in July 1849. Other details: Labourer; 20 years old, 5’3½” tall with dark brown hair, grey eyes and a dark complexion. He was single, Roman Catholic and illiterate. Native place: Cork (https://stors.tas.gov.au/CON33-1-115$init=CON33-1-96p98). He said he had been transported for house burning (prosecutor Henry Lister/Lester at Cork). Family: No relations (http://foundersandsurvivors.org/pubsearch/convict/chain/ai31530). --0--
On Gibraltar, TIMOTHY HAYES was described as 21 years old, sentenced to 10 years for “arson”; third conviction; born in Bantry; Catholic brown hair, grey eyes and fair complexion, 5’4”tall; illiterate; labourer; single; relatives/family – at Bantry (UK, Prison Commission Records, 1770-1951; Misc.; Register of Prisoners; 1810-1822 [mislabelled]). --0-- 3 February, 1853: Sent aboard the St Vincent for transportation to VDL. --00--
Gibraltar and Bermuda were listed public works stations (and the second stage in the penal process). On Gibraltar, as “convicts worked together with free men on the dockyards, lines between them became blurred. Convicts, like seamen, were ‘easily recognised’ by ‘their swarthy, weather beaten complexions…[and] muscular well-knit frames’. The discipline on the penal settlement was also influenced by the naval department, who superintended part of the works. In the 1840s, for example, convicts were provided ‘a half gill of rum’ at 11am and 5pm, which they drank from a trough. This mirrored the daily allowance of diluted rum, known as grog, to Royal Naval seamen in the Victorian era. Convicts were also allowed to use part of their earnings, to buy goods, usually tobacco, which they were allowed to smoke in the evening in the barracks. Though official correspondence cited health reasons for grog allowance, it seems likely that the convict authorities feared insubordination if they were banned from drinking and smoking, which were provided to the sappers and dockyard workers whom they worked alongside… In 1854, the acting overseer stated that “half of the offences were committed when the men were excited by rum”. For more serious offences, convicts were flogged with a ‘cat o’nine tails’ whip against the ‘flogging mast’, and during an investigation Dr William Baly concluded that the whip which was used was an old naval cat, which was ‘much heavier than any now used in the government prison and hulks at home, or in the army.’” (Roscoe, Katy (2018), “Convicts and the Sea: the naval influence on Gibraltar Convict Establishment” at https://staffblogs.le.ac.uk/). --0--
TO GIBRALTAR: 3 October, 1851: HAYES, TIMOTHY #1897, arrived on Gibraltar from Ireland per Rodney. He was held on the Europa hulk (UK, Prison Commission Records, 1770-1951; Misc.; Register of Prisoners; 1810-1822 [mislabelled]). --0--
SENT ABOARD THE RODNEY: 23 September, 1851: He was embarked on the Rodney for transportation to Gibraltar: Full name: TIMOTHY HAYES, male, 19, tried at Co. Cork on 13/08/1849; Crime desc: Arson; Sentence: Transportation 10 yrs ('Ireland-Australia transportation database', Document ref1: TR 9, p 32 at http://findingaids.nationalarchives.ie/). --00--
Footnote: Florence Mahony avoided transportation and was ordered to be discharged from prison on 11 August, 1855 ('Ireland-Australia transportation database', Doc ref1: TR 9, p 32). --00--
JAIL: 6 May, 1850: He was delivered to the Constabulary for admittance to Spike Island. She was sent by the same means to Spike Island on 21 August, 1850 (Ireland, Prison Registers, 1790-1924 for Timothy Hayes; Cork; Cork; 1846-1849). Spike Island – known as “Ireland's Alcatraz” – sits at the mouth of the harbour at Cork. The original Napoleonic era fortress was converted to a convict prison in 1847, the worst year of the Great Famine (1845-1852). It was “an important holding centre for convicts transported to Australia and Bermuda” and a “hell on earth”. Most of the more than 1000 convicts buried on the island by the time the prison closed, in 1883, died in the first decade of its operation (https://www.ucc.ie/en/archaeology/research/projects/thespikeislandproject/). --0--
TRIAL: 28 July, 1849/ 13 August, 1849: Both were convicted at the Summer Assizes in Cork and sentenced to 10 years’ transportation. --0--
JAIL: 16 June, 1849: Timothy Hayes, 19, #4718, and Florence Mahony, 16, #4717, were admitted to Cork jail to await trial on a charge of setting two houses on fire (Ireland, Prison Registers, 1790-1924 for Timothy Hayes; Cork; Cork; 1846-1849). --0--