Summary
Personal Information
Crime
Voyage
Transportation
John Young was transported on the Hougoumont, departing 10th Oct 1867 and arriving 9th Jan 1868 with 281 passengers.
875 ton ship was built at Moulmein in 1852. http://www.australiangeographic.com.au/journal/on-this-day-in-history-australias-last-convict-ship-docks.htm ---------------------------- Incorrect Image ....This is a four masted steel hulled Barque in the drawing , im surprised Australian Geo didn't do a bit more research on this .......The Hougoumont was a works ship on the Forth Bridge Project in 1885 ....the one potrayed as a drawing in Aust Geo is the later version of this ship.....the photograph i have attached is the correct and original convict vessel. --00-- 1867 "The hired convict ship Hougoumont, which has been taken up by the Government for the conveyance of a numerous party of convicts to Freemantle, Western Australia, left the Nore on October 1, and proceeded down Channel, after receiving on board 150 convicts from the establishments at Chatham and Millbank. The convicts from the Chatham establishment, at St. Mary's, embarked from the dockyard on board the paddle-wheel steamer Adder, Mr. W. J. Blakely, and were in charge of a numerous party of convict guards and wardens, all heavily armed. Among the convicts shipped were a party of fifteen Fenians, who were engaged in the late conspiracy in Ireland, together with the officers and crew convicted of scuttling the ship Severn, and some others who have achieved notoriety from their crimes. The Fenian convicts, like the remainder of the prisoners, were chained together in gangs, but it was observed that they were kept apart from the other convicts in a portion of the vessel by themselves. The steamer Petrel also took down a number of convicts from the establishment at Millbank for shipment on board the Hougoumont, in charge of a strong escort and convict guard. On Tuesday, October 8th, the Hougoumont arrived in Portland roads. Shortly before midday ninety convicts were marched down to the Government pier at Portland under a strong escort of the 12th Light Infantry. The party included twenty-three Fenian convicts, among whom it was said, was Moriarty. The Government steamer employed in the breakwater service was used for conveying the convicts on board the Hougoumont transport ship. The convicts were chained together on embarking, and on board the steamer a strong guard of marines from her Majesty's ship St. George was formed, and saw the convicts safely placed on board the Hougoumont. The Governor of the penal settlement at Freemantle, Captain Young, is on board the Hougoumont, and returns in that ship to his sphere of duty after paying a visit to his native land." Source: Sydney Morning Herald, Thu 19 Dec 1867, p4, English Shipping, available on Trove at https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/28608271?searchTerm=hougoumont.
HougoumontReferences
| Primary Source | Australian Joint Copying Project. Microfilm Roll 93, Class and Piece Number HO11/19, Page Number 265 (135). --0-- Edgar, W. (Bill) (2018), “The precarious voyage of her majesty’s convict ship ‘Nile’ to the Swan River colony, late 1857 – and the unexpected aftermath.” The Great Circle, 40(1), 20–43. --0-- Carter, T., 1867, Historical Record of the Twenty-Sixth or Cameronian Regiment at https://www.google.com.au/books/ |
| Source Description | This record is one of the entries in the British convict transportation registers 1787-1867 database compiled by State Library of Queensland from British Home Office (HO) records which are available on microfilm as part of the Australian Joint Copying Pro |
| Original Source | Great Britain. Home Office |
| Compiled By | State Library of Queensland |
| Database Source | British convict transportation registers 1787-1867 database |
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Convict Notes
OTHER: 1841 England Census: John Young, 3 months old, living in the house of William Young (60), baker, of Newark Upon Trent, and born at Nottingham. Also there was Elizabeth Flinders (25) (1841 England Census for John Young; Nottinghamshire; Newark Upon Trent; ALL; District 1). 1851 England Census: John Young, aged 10, a scholar, living in the house of his grandfather William Young (74), widower, baker and flour seller. Also there was Elizabeth Flinders (40), a widow, housekeeper and daughter-in-law of William Young, who was born at Newark, Nottingham, as was John Young. Is Elizabeth Flinders John's mother? (1851 England Census for John Young; Nottinghamshire; Newark on Trent; ALL; 1d)
From the "Convicts associated with Toodyay" database: Young, John (1843- ) #9923, 1868-01-10, Hougoumont CWA: Unm; soldier; lit Pres; conv Belgium [ie Belguam, India] 1866; Crt Martial insubordination & desertion 14 yrs; Newcastle, Perth, Williams, Fremantle, Murray, Toodyay, York; lab, shepherd, gen svt. Ancestry: WA convict records: General Register for Nos 9599 - 10128 cont. (R16): P352: 9923 Young, John. Hougoumont. Was TOL in Toodyay in Mar to Sept. 1876 (various employers) and Dec. 1882 to Jan. 1885 in the Victoria Plains district (various employers) (shepherd and labourer). Another Ancestry record: Reconvicted in 1892 for vagrancy in Newcastle. WA Pol Gaz: 1885: In Newcastle Gaol, briefly. --0--
IN WA: From his Fremantle jail record: YOUNG, John; inmate #9923, arrived 10 Jan 1868 per Hougoumont Date of Birth: 1843 Marital Status: Unmarried Occupation: Soldier Literacy: Literate Sentence Place: Belgium [sic; incorrect; it's Belgaum, India] Crime: Insubordination & desertion Sentence Period: 14 years Ticket of Leave Date: 5 Mar 1874 Certificate of Freedom Date: 6 Sep 1886 Comments: Labourer, shepherd, general servant (https://fremantleprison.com.au/). --0--
28 September, 1867: He was re-admitted to Millbank -- only to pass through to board the Hougoumont for WA. Listed as inmate #3850, he was sent from Millbank to embark on 30 September (UK, Prison Commission Records, 1770-1951 for John Young Millbank Prison; Register of Prisoners; 1867-1868). “The hired convict ship Hougoumont, which has been taken up by the Government for the conveyance of a numerous party of convicts to Freemantle, Western Australia, left the Nore [anchorage in the Thames estuary] on October 1, and proceeded down Channel, after receiving on board 150 convicts from the establishments at Chatham and Millbank... The steamer Petrel also took down a number of convicts from the establishment at Millbank for shipment on board the Hougoumont, in charge of a strong escort and convict guard.” (Sydney Morning Herald, Thu 19 Dec 1867, p4, at https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/28608271) --0--
29 April, 1867: He was admitted to Pentonville prison, Caledonian Road, London. --0--
JAILS: 12 April, 1867: John Young was admitted to Millbank prison, Westminster, London, having arrived from Bombay per the ship Star of India. By this time he had served 5 months 25 days in jail in India and aboard the ship. Listed as a Private, 26th Cameronians, No 563; now inmate #3184, 25 years old when convicted of "assault on a superior officer, insubordinate language and making away with clothing", sentenced to 20 years commuted to 14 PS. He was single, Protestant, able to read and write imperfectly. Next of kin—father, William Young, Nottingham. Previous convictions—2 Regimental Courts Martial, three District CsM. Notation: “to be discharged with ignominy” (UK, Prison Commission Records, 1770-1951; Millbank Prison for John Young; Register of Prisoners; 1866-1867). While at Millbank, he would have been held in separate confinement. “After a sentence of transportation [or penal servitude] was handed down, the prisoner entered into a separate stage where he was placed into an individual cell, isolated from others, apart from brief periods of exercise and attendance at chapel. However, no communication of any kind with other prisoners was permitted at any time. The philosophy behind this penal methodology had its provenances in the religious, monastic traditions; i.e., that in the isolation of his cell the malefactor would be able to contemplate the errors of his way, unadulterated by the negative influences of former contemporaries, and be reformed.” (Edgar, 2018, pp39-40) When first put into practice, the mandated period of separate confinement was 18 months. By the late 1840s, authorities had conceded that such conditions of imprisonment were “injurious to many prisoners’ mental health” and the stint was reduced to 12 months. Periods of separate confinement were reduced further “as a prisoner displayed good behaviour tendencies” (Edgar, p40). Millbank, Pentonville, Wakefield and Mountjoy in Ireland were the “Probation” or “Separate” prisons, as were some local jails. —0—
COURT MARTIAL: 18 October, 1866: Private John Young of the 26th Regiment of Foot (Cameronians) was court martialled at Belgaum, India, and sentenced to 20 years' penal servitude, remitted to 14 years, for "losing necessaries, violence to a Lt-Colonel and resisting a Sergeant" (Judge Advocate General's Office: general courts martial registers, abroad, 1866-1900 at https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-1693333732/view). Note: Belgaum or Belagavi is a city in the southwest Indian state of Karnataka. The 26th Cameronians were originally sent to India in 1865 to relieve the 72nd Highlanders in Bombay. Shortly after their arrival, however, the regiment was ordered to Belgaum. At the autumnal inspection of the 26th, at Camp Belgaum in October 1866 -- just five days after Private Young's court martial -- the Belgaum Brigade's Commander Brigadier-General Hyland "expressed himself pleased with the appearance, drill, discipline and interior economy of the Regiment" (Carter, T., 1867, Historical Record of the Twenty-Sixth or Cameronian Regiment, p240). It's possible that Lt-Colonel Shurlock Henning was the officer to whom Private John Young exhibited "violence". Lt-Col Henning had been promoted from Major on 25 July, 1865 (Carter, p255). By 1870, he was a Colonel (Morning Post, 3 September, 1870, p7). --00--